The fate of Guillaume’s library is unknown. His elder son and heir, Jean (1579-1637), Président au Parlement de Navarre (1620), Président en la Cour de parlement de Bordeaux (1628) and Conseiller du Roi, married secondly Anne de Massiot, and upon her death an inventory was taken at their residence in the Rue de la Porte-Dijeaux, Bordeaux.8 The notary recorded opulent textiles (including Flemish tapestries) and quantities of silver, but few books, and it is doubtful that Jean had retained his father’s library. From inscriptions in surviving volumes we suppose that the books collected by Guillaume and his brother Bishop Jean were bestowed by them upon religious houses.
Three bindings adorned by the family arms D’argent à la bande de gueules, chargée d’une rose d’argent entre deux molettes d’or are known, and from the absence of ecclesiastical insignia we suppose that they were commissioned by Guillaume (see List below, Type I 1-3). Covering books published during the decade 1559-1569, the three bindings are decorated in the style known as “à la fanfare”. The characteristics of a binding à la fanfare were defined by G.D. Hobson: the whole surface of the covers is decorated by a symmetrical pattern of variously shaped compartments, each outlined by a double line on one side and a single line on the other, with a large oval central compartment (here left empty). The earliest bindings in this new style, produced from the mid-1560s until about 1573, were classified by Hobson “de type primatif,” because they are without foliage, or the foliage is not naturalistic; later examples “proprement dite.” Hobson identified thirty-two examples of the former, among them the 1559 Hegesippus graced by the Daffis arms (I-3).9 The Hegesippus has subsequently been credited to a Parisian shop producing bindings for the most discerning collectors of the day, among them Grolier, Mahieu, De Thou, Malenfant, and Charles IX.10
A slightly different version of the Daffis arms was associated with Guillaume Daffis by Joannis Guigard, who provided a drawing of the blazon (taken from an unidentified binding, “Communication de M. Martin, libraire”) in his comprehensive handbook. Here, the shield is wrapped by a wreath of laurel.11 It is noteworthy that both Bishop Jean and Bishop Bernard presented the family’s arms half-circled in a wreath of laurel, with mitre and crozier crests.12
Another three books decorated “à la fanfare”, but “proprement dites”, have the same presentation inscription lettered on their covers, from Bishop Jean Daffis to the recently founded Jesuit college at Toulouse, dated 1601: dedit. r. d. i. daffis epi. lumbariensis in colle. soc. iesu tolos. an. do. 1601 (see List below, Type II 1-3). In his discussion of one of these bindings (II-2), André Masson mentions two others, “presque identiques” in their decoration (see List below, Type III 1-2), with lettering: in coll. societ. iesu tolosae anno mdc, and speculates that all were bound locally and not in Paris. The former three were printed in the years 1564-1594, the latter two in 1589 and 1597. All five bindings may have been commissioned by Bishop Jean, and when gifted afterwards to the Collège des Jésuites de Toulouse, the empty centres of the covers were filled with the lettering.
Two more volumes can be associated with the Daffis family: the editio princeps of Eusebius, printed by Robert Estienne in 1545-1546, inscribed by Bishop Jean and by his nephew, Bernard (IV-1); and a chronicle of the First Crusade, printed at Basel in 1560-1564, inscribed by Bernard (IV-2).
1. Archives départementales de la Gironde, E. 4849, Reg. 217, liasse 8, ff. CLXXVII etc [link]. Camille Couderc, Catalogue général des manuscrits des bibliothèques publiques de France: Départements, 23: Bibliothèque de Bordeaux (Paris 1894), p.574 no. 1077 (“Inventaire des biens meubles, effets, papiers et livres de Guillaume Daffis, premier président au parlement de Bordeaux, fait par M Duboys, notaire, du 7 octobre au 12 novembre 1610. Fol. 144 v°-201. Inventaire de la bibliothèque. Fol. 233 v°. ‘Plus a esté trouvé dans la susdicte salle basse sept tappisseries...’ 1610. Papier. 250 feuillets. 262 sur 190 millim. Sans couverture.” [link]). Xavier Védère, “Les discours d’entrées de Guillaume Daffis, Premier Président au Parlement (1586-1609)” in Revue historique de Bordeaux et du département de la Gironde (1941), pp.70-86 (pp.80-81, note 4: “Cette importante bibliothèque renfermait plus de 900 volumes…” [link]); C. De Burosse, “Notes biographiques sur les premiers présidents du Parlement de Bordeaux (Suite.)” in Revue Catholique de Bordeaux (1885), pp.387-395 (p.394, note 3: “L’énumération des livres qui composaient la bibliothèque du premier président occupe une douzaine de feuillets.” [link]).
2. André Navelle, Familles nobles et notables du Midi toulousain au XV et XVIème siècles: Généalogie de 700 familles présentes dans la région de Toulouse avant 1550 (Fenouillet 1991), IV, p.10. Nicole Bingen, “Le chanoine Arnaud du Ferrier et son ami Jean Daffis à Padoue” in Bibliothèque d’Humanisme et Renaissance 74 (2012), pp.353-368; Nicole Bingen, ‘Aux escholles d’outre-monts’: étudiants de langue française dans les universités italiennes (1480-1599): Français, Francs-Comtois, Savoyards (Geneva 2018), I, pp.857-862.
3. Alphonse Bremond, Nobiliaire toulousain: Inventaire général des titres probants de noblesse et de dignités nobiliaires (Paris 1863), p.250 [link]; Henri Jougla de Morénas, Grand Armorial de France, Tome III (Paris 1935), p.133 nos. 12117-12118 [link].
4. Fleury Vindry, Les parlementaires français au XVIe siècle. Tome Second (Premier fascicule) Parlement de Bordeaux (Paris 1910), p.39 no. 8 [link]; Burosse, op. cit., p.387 [link].
5. F. Vindry, Les parlementaires français au XVIe siècle. Tome Second (Fascicule II) Parlement de Toulouse (Paris 1912), p.162 no. 57 [link].
6. F. Vindry, op. cit. (Toulouse), p.276 no. 444 [link].
7. Joseph Bergin, The making of the French episcopate, 1589-1661 (New Haven 1996), pp.602-603.
8. Pierre Meller, “Le Mobilier d’une famille parlementaire sous Louis XIV, à Bordeaux” in Société archéologique de Bordeaux (1898), pp.142-158 [link].
9. Geoffrey Hobson, Les reliures à la fanfare (London 1935), p.4 (“Première liste: Les reliures ‘a la fanfare’ du type primitif” no. 12). Ten additions to the “Première liste” are contributed by Anthony Hobson in the Amsterdam 1970 facsimile reprint (“Additions et corrections. Supplément”, p.5*).
10. Mirjam Foot argued that these bindings can be linked by their tools to Claude Picques’s atelier; see her “The Binder who worked for Jacques de Malenfant” in The Henry Davis Gift: A Collection of bookbindings, Volume 1: Studies in the history of bookbinding (London 1978), referring to the Hegesippus at pp.158, 164 (note 28), 168 (“Appendix IV: Bindings made by Malenfant’s binder”, no. 15). Her suggestion is discarded by Anthony Hobson, “Three bindings à la fanfare and the origins of the fanfare style” in The Arcadian Library: bindings and provenance (Oxford 2014), pp.177-190 (p.189).
11. Joannis Guigard, Nouvel armorial du bibliophile: guide de l’amateur des livres armoriés (Paris 1890), II, p.172 [link].
12. See the insignia featured in the borders of a set of tapestries illustrating the life of Saint Etienne which Bishop Jean commissioned in 1609 for the Cathedral of Toulouse [link]; and compare Guillaume Ader’s Enarrationes de aegrotis et morbis in Evangelio (Toulouse: Raymond Colomiez, 1620), which displays on its title-page (first issue only) the large arms of the dedicatee, Bishop Bernard Daffis, with mitre, crozier, and laurel wreath (Guilhem Ader (1567?-1638): actes du colloque de Lombez, Béziers 1992, pp.60-61, as “Type 1”).
(I-1) Cyrillus Hierosolymitanus, S. Patris nostri Cyrilli archiepiscopi Hierosolymorum Catecheses illuminatorum Hierosolymis XVIII. & quinque mystagogycae. Quae tempore quidem Hieronymi & Damasceni extabant, ut ipsi testantur proximis vero aliquot seculis, in abstrusis quibusdam locis delitescentes, nunc primum Latinitate in lucem prodeunt (Paris: Guillaume Desbois, 1564)
(II-1) Marcus Tullius Cicero, Les Sentences Illustres (Lyon: Antoine de Harsy, 1589)
(III-1) Marcus Tullius Cicero, M. Tullii Ciceronis opera philosophica in duas partes divisa, in sectiones apparatui Latinae locutionis respondentes distincta et annotationibus variisque lectionibus ad marginem opera Alexandri Scoti I.V.D. illustrata. Accesserunt Dyonysii Lambini et Fulvii Ursini emendationum rationes tomus septimus [et octavus] (Lyon: [Pierre Roussin for] Jean Pillhotte, 1589)
provenance
● Jean Daffis (1554-1614) (?)
● Toulouse, Collège de la Compagnie de Jésus, inscription lettered on covers (upper:) in coll. societ. iesu (lower:) tolosae anno mdc
● Charles Ambroise de Caffarelli du Falga (1758-1826), baron Caffarelli, canon of Toul, armorial exlibris “De la Bibliothèque de M. Ch. Amb. Caffarelli” [CCFr Ex-libris aux armes de ch. Amb. Caffarelli, gr. s. c.]
● Château des Espas, exlibris [CCFr Ex-libris aux armes de Chateau des Espas gr. s. b.]
● Toulouse, Bibliothèque d’Étude et du Patrimoine, Rés. D XVI 777 (CCFr Rel. mar. f. decor a compartiments, motifs fanfare. portant l'inscription: In Coll. Societ. Iesu, Tolosae anno 1600 [link])
literature
André Masson, “Trésors des bibliothèques béarnaises” in Bulletin du bibliophile (1975), pp.202-212 (p.209)
(III-2) Gaius Sallustius Crispus, Conjuratio Catilinae, Bellum Jugurthinum, Historiarum libri a Ludovico Carrione collecti et restituti. Portii Latronis declamatio in Catillinam ([Geneva]: [Jacob Stoer for] Paul Frellon & Abraham Cloquemin [of Lyon], 1597)
provenance
● Jean Daffis (1554-1614) (?)
● Toulouse, Collège de la Compagnie de Jésus, inscription lettered on covers (upper:) in coll. societ. iesu (lower:) tolosae anno mdc
● Toulouse, Bibliothèque d’Étude et du Patrimoine, Rés. D XVI 225 (CCFr Maroquin brun, les plats et le dos couverts de motifs a la fanfare, tranches dorées (Rel. de l'époque) Curieuse reliure 16e s. a la fanfare, très probablement exécutée a Toulouse, pour le collège des Jésuites. Les médaillons du centre des plats portent cette inscription: In Coll. Societ. Iesv Tolosae anno MDC [link])
literature
André Masson, “Trésors des bibliothèques bearnaises” in Bulletin du bibliophile (1975), pp.202-212 (p.209)
(IV-1) Eusebius, Eusebii Pamphili Evangelicae praeparationis Lib. XV. Ex bibliotheca regia [in Greek] (Paris: Robert Estienne, 1544), bound with: Eusebii Pamphili Evangelicae demonstrationis lib. X. Ex bibliotheca regia (Paris: Robert Estienne, April 1546)
provenance
● Jean Daffis (1554-1614), inscription [CCFr “Ex-libris ms.: Jean Daffis, évêque de Lombez”]
● Bernard Daffis (1586-1627), inscription [CCFr “Ex-libris ms.: Bernard Daffis, abbé de la Chaise-Dieu, son neveu”]
● Lyon, Congrégation de la Mission (Lazarists), inscription [CCFr “Ex libris Cong. Missionis domus Lugdunensis”]
● Benoît d’Héliot (1695-1779) (1695-1779) [donated his library in 1772 to Bibliothèque du Clergé de Toulouse]
● Toulouse, Bibliothèque d’Étude et du Patrimoine, Rés. B XVI 308 (1-2) (opac [link]; CCFr Rel. veau fauve, cartouche doré sur les plats, 16e siècle [link, link])
(IV-2) Guilelmus von Tyrus, Historia Belli Sacri Verissima … multo castigatior quam antea in lucem edita. Una cum continuatione totius de bello sacro Historiae (Basel: Nikolaus Brylinger, 1560 [1564])
provenance
● Bernard Daffis (1586-1627), inscription [CCFr: “Ex-libris mss 17e siècle: Bernard Daffis abbé de la Chaise-Dieu”]
● Couvent des Augustins réformés de Lyon, inscription [CCFr: “f. Simon, Augustins réformés de Lyon”]
● Lyon, Bibliothèque municipale, 166922 (opac [link]; CCFr [link])